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Documentation Index

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Validator onboarding opens post-mainnet. The structure below describes the canonical model. Specific values (minimum stake, slashing percentages, performance bands) are TBD pending chain team final design.

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What validators do

BiniChain validators:
  1. Propose blocks in their assigned slots
  2. Attest to other validators’ blocks (vote on chain canonicality)
  3. Finalize blocks via the consensus protocol
  4. Earn rewards for honest participation
  5. Lose stake for misbehavior (slashing)
Standard PoS validator role.

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Becoming a validator

To become a validator:
  1. Acquire the minimum self-stake in BINI (TBD value)
  2. Run a BiniChain validator node (hardware + uptime requirements TBD)
  3. Submit on-chain registration with bonded stake
  4. Wait for activation queue
  5. Begin attesting and proposing in your slots
Activation is first-come-first-served for available slots, with an upper limit on validator set size.

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Validator set size

The validator set has a soft cap to keep block finalization efficient:
  • Lower bound: enough to be decentralized (e.g., 64+ validators)
  • Upper bound: enough that consensus rounds are fast (e.g., 256 validators)
Final values per chain team’s calibration.

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Minimum stake

The minimum self-stake will be set high enough to be meaningful but low enough that mid-size holders can participate. Likely range: 100K–1M BINI (TBD). The minimum may decrease over time as the validator set matures and network value grows.

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Rewards

Validators earn:
  • Block rewards in BINI (when proposing or attesting)
  • Priority fees from transactions in proposed blocks
  • (Optional) MEV captured during block construction (subject to fairness rules)
The exact reward formula is set by chain governance. Total annualized validator yield is calibrated to be competitive with similar PoS chains at the current network size.

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Slashing

Validators lose stake for:
OffenseSlashing %
Double signing (proposing two blocks for the same slot)High (e.g., 5-50% of stake)
Surround voting (voting that contradicts a previous vote)High
Extended downtimeLow to moderate (per period)
Incorrect attestationLow
Severe offenses can result in ejection from the validator set, with stake locked or partly slashed.

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Withdrawal

Validators can voluntarily exit the active set:
  1. Submit on-chain exit request
  2. Wait through the standard exit queue
  3. Stake unlocks after a withdrawal cooldown
  4. BINI returned to the validator’s address
Cooldown periods exist to prevent attack patterns where an attacker exits before slashing resolves.

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Validator vs delegator

BiniChain (per chain team’s final design) may support delegation:
  • Holders without validator infrastructure can delegate their BINI to existing validators
  • Delegators earn a pro-rata share of validator rewards (minus a commission)
  • Delegators are slashed pro-rata if their validator misbehaves
Delegation lets BINI holders earn validator yield without running infrastructure. Specifics TBD.

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Hardware requirements

Validator node requirements (TBD per chain team):
  • CPU: modern multi-core (e.g., 8 cores)
  • RAM: 16-64 GB
  • Storage: 1 TB+ SSD (for state and historical data)
  • Network: stable connection, 100+ Mbps
  • Uptime: 99.5%+ for non-trivial reward share
Running a validator is non-trivial — operators should be technically experienced.

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Validator onboarding timeline

  1. Pre-mainnet (now): planning + chain implementation
  2. Mainnet launch: initial validator set bootstrapped by team + early partners
  3. Post-mainnet (months 1-6): validator slot opens; first external validators onboard
  4. Mature: validator set grows to soft cap; delegation enabled
External validator onboarding is not open during the sandbox phase.

Architecture

Consensus protocol underlying validators

Native BINI

What validators stake

BINI Emission

Where validator rewards come from

BINI Token

Where to acquire BINI